元米海軍ザカリアス氏が語る山本五十六スパイ説
今回の記事は、エリスM.ザカリアス氏の証言や著書やTVでの発言に基ずく『山本五十六が米国へ日本の情報を流していた』ことの傍証です。
米国は既に日本帝国海軍の真珠湾攻撃計画を知っており、その計画の情報を打ち消すために、1941年3月26日から30日まで、米国議会合同委員会で真珠湾攻撃調査聴聞会が開催されました。日本の真珠湾攻撃の９ヶ月前のことです。
His years monitoring Japanese fleet maneuvers, the "false alarm" of October 1940, and now the seriousness of the Nomura confidences convinced Zacharias that if the Japanese decided to initiate hostilities, a sneak attack on a U.S. fleet base would constitute the opening salvo. He was galvanized into action, determined to inform his superiors about his supposition.
Sometime between March 26 and 30, 1941, according to his later testimony at the hearings held by the Congressional Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack, Captain Zacharias called on Admiral Kimmel, commander in chief of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, at his headquarters in Hawaii. In the course of their conversation, Zacharias testified, he told the admiral that if the Japanese decided to go to war, "it would begin with an air attack on our fleet on a weekend and probably on a Sunday morning; [also] the attack would be for the purpose of disabling four battleships." Zacharias added that the probable method of attack would be by aircraft flown from carriers, and it would emanate from north of the Hawaiian Islands because of the direction of the prevailing winds.
それは、ルーズベルト大統領とロシアスパイの側近と山本五十六が描いたシナリオで、米国民の反戦ムードを好戦に変えるために、日本帝国海軍が真珠湾を宣戦布告無しに急襲するということでなければならなかったからです。
◆ ◆ ◆
Sage Prophet or Loose Canon?
賢者の預言者か危険人物か？
Summer 2008, Vol. 40, No. 2
2008年夏、Vol。 40、No.2
Skilled Intelligence Officer in World War II Foresaw Japan's Plans,
but Annoyed Navy Brass
By David A. Pfeiffer
Ellis Zacharias sipped on his dry martini as he matched poker skills with a group that included a young naval attaché with the Japanese embassy.
Zacharias, a naval intelligence officer posted in Washington in the 1920s, was not only playing poker but also trying to get the espionage-minded Japanese officer to let slip some information about his country's plans in the Pacific. He restricted himself to just the one martini in order to maintain his edge. This probing for information was a mutual exercise, usually involving shrewd questioning by both men as they played each hand.
1920年にワシントンに派遣された海軍情報諜報部隊のザカリアスはポーカーをするだけでなく、諜報活動をしている日本の将校（山本五十六）に太平洋における彼の計画についての幾つかの情報を伝え、日本の将校を取り込む努力をしていました（註1
）。
彼は自分の飲酒の限界以下を維持するために、ドライ（ジンが多い）マティーニではなく、ただのマティーニに制限しました。この情報の探求は相互行使であり、いつもトランプを手で動かす際に両者がお互いに鋭い質問をしあいました。
（註１）この手法は、The craft of intelligence（古典的「諜報活動の達人」 ）で、ザカリアスがエドワードワトソン大佐から習ったもの。
Revealing only enough information to keep the conversation going, Zacharias could absorb what he heard over time while maintaining his friendship with the young Japanese officer, who had a reputation as a gambler.
Some years later, Zacharias would use information gathered this way to warn his superiors that Japan, by then on the march across the Pacific Rim, would launch a surprise attack on the United States in the Pacific—on a Sunday morning.
The Navy ignored his warnings. But early on December 7, 1941—a Sunday morning—Japan suddenly attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. It was an operation planned by Zacharias's old poker-playing partner, Isoroku Yamamoto, by then commander in chief of the Japanese fleet.
会話を続けるために十分な情報（とりとめもない沢山の情報）だけを明らかにしたザカリアスは、ギャンブラーとして評判の若い日本人武官（山本五十六）との友情を維持しながら、聞きたいことを時間をかけて聞き、吸収することができました。
数年後、ザカリアスはこのように集められた情報を使って上司に警告しました。日本艦隊が環太平洋を横切って進軍し、日曜日の朝、太平洋の米国に対する驚きの攻撃を開始するだろう、と。（註２）
（註２）日本が真珠湾攻撃をしたのが、ハワイ時間で、1941年12月7日の日曜日の朝。ここでは、この真珠湾攻撃の曜日は、その何年か前に決まっていて、その日時を山本五十六が既にザカリアスに伝えていたことを意味す。
★ ★ ★
《これまでの私の記事を読みましたらよく理解できると思います》
●『山本五十六記念館でのスパイ検証（前段）』 2016/9/12(月)
真珠湾攻撃では、第三波攻撃まで計画されていた。それが第一波攻撃の老朽船撃破のみで、第二波、第三波攻撃で計画された真珠湾が軍港としての機能する補修基地や燃料タンク施設などの破壊は全くせず、第一波だけで引き上げた。
山本五十六う中将は「いちばん得意なのはブリッジだ。これはまあ、将棋で言えば八段くらいだろうが、少なくとも東洋では私が一番だろう」と答えたという話が伝わっている。然し、それはザカリアスがわざと負けてあげたことからくる自惚れであった。
●『広島・長崎に投下された原爆の秘密②』 2014/8/22(金)
日本帝国海軍絶滅のためにルーズベルト大統領と共謀した山本五十六は、周囲の反対を押し切り戦略的に大して意味のない暴挙のミッドウェー海戦を挙行。空母４隻には護衛無しに対戦させ、空母４隻を撃沈させ、その後の日本の戦争遂行能力を喪失させた。
●『The attack on Pearl Harbor is the strategy of President Roosevelt』
The Pearl Harbor surprise attack strategy was originally thought of by the United States, and for Japanese army the value of attacking Pearl Harbor was not so much.
以下、本文
Ellis M. Zacharias
エリスM.ザカリアス（人名）
Ellis Mark Zacharias Sr. (January 1, 1890 – June 27, 1961) was a Rear admiral and naval attaché to Japan, who served in World War I and World War II .
After World War II, he was appointed as the deputy director of US Naval Intelligence , and post-retirement he narrated the 1958–59 NBC television docudrama series Behind Closed Doors .
In June 1919, he was transferred to the cruiser USS Huntington (CA-5) In September 1919, he was posted as an instructor in Marine Engineering and Naval Construction at the United States Naval Academy , Annapolis.
In August 1920, Zacharias was appointed as an assistant US Naval Attaché to Japan and was attached to the American Embassy, Tokyo as a language student, which typically involved the conduct of US diplomatic and intelligence missions.
There he learned to speak Japanese fluently and became acquainted with many of the Japanese officers and government officials who were to control the country's fortunes in later years.In Tokyo, Zacharias studied the craft of intelligence under the naval attaché to Japan, Capt. Edward Watson, a dynamic and resourceful officer.
Watson was extremely popular with many Japanese naval officers who, according to Zacharias, were "mystified by his technique of telling them too much so that they could learn too little." In other words, he talked a lot without saying anything.
そこで彼は流暢に日本語を話すことを学び、後の日本の運命を支配する日本の役人や政府関係者の多くの人と知り合った。
東京では、ザカリアスは、海軍武官の下で知能の工芸（古典的「諜報活動の達人」）を学んだ。その海軍武官とは、エドワードワトソン大佐で精力的で賢い士官だ。
ザカリアスによれば、ワトソンは、『日本の海軍将校に教える事柄は過剰な程なのだが、日本の海軍将校は、肝心なことは、極、極、少ししか学ぶことが出来ない』という彼の技法に当惑させられた多くの日本の海軍将校に非常に人気があった。換言すれば、（肝心なことを）何も言わずにたくさん話したということだ。
He departed Japan to return to the United States following the Great Kantō earthquake in September 1923, on board the USS Huron (CA-9) , where he briefly served as a First Lieutenant.
In August 1926, he served with United States Asiatic Fleet briefly commanding the destroyer USS McCormick (DD-223) ,prior to joining the USS Pittsburgh (ACR-4) as her navigator between December 1926 and July 1928. He assigned back to Tokyo, serving as acting naval attaché until November 1928.
For the next two years, he was posted in charge of the Far East Division, Office of Naval Intelligence, Navy Department, Washington, DC
During which he was designated an Aide, along with Sidney Mashbir , to Prince Takamatsu , brother of the Japanese Emperor, during his two months' visit to the United States in 1931. At the end of 1931, he was assigned command of the destroyer USS Dorsey (DD-117) .
その後2年間、ワシントンDC海軍部海軍情報局（ONI）極東部秘密暗号解読部を担当した。（註３）
その期間中、彼はシドニー・マシュビルとともに、1931年の2カ月間の米国訪問の日本の天皇の弟であった高松宮殿下の補佐官に指定された。日本の満州侵攻後の緊張が高まる1931年の終わりには、彼は駆逐艦ドーシーの司令官に任命された。
Whilst detached, he completed the senior course at the Naval War College , Rhode Island in June 1933. In June 1934, he was posted back to Office of Naval Intelligence as the Head of the Far East Division. From July 1936 until February 1938, Zacharias served as Executive Officer of the USS Richmond (CL-9) light cruiser.
（註４）ザカリアスは何年もの間、艦船への乗船中であってもワシントンDC海軍部海軍情報局（ONI）の人員と常に連絡をとり続け、彼を取り巻く情熱的な知性の専門家のサークルが出来た。海上や情報機関の司令官に就いた海軍将校や男性の多くは、ザカリアに大きな敬意と愛情を抱いていた
Many of the naval officers and men who served under him at sea or in the intelligence offices ashore held Zacharias in great respect and even affection.
From November 1940 until 1942, Zacharias commanded the USS Salt Lake City (CA-25) , a heavy cruiser.When the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, USS Salt Lake City was escorting the USS Enterprise (CV-6) carrier between Wake Island and Pearl Harbour;it was one of the few fully operational vessels remaining and proceeded to join the first US Navy offensive task force in the South Pacific.
（記事抜粋引用先）
〇Ellis M. Zacharias
〇Sage Prophet or Loose Canon?
〇The craft of intelligence by Allen W. Dulles
This classic of spycraft is based on Dulles's incomparable experience as a diplomat, international lawyer, and America's premier intelligence officer.
〇ザカリアスが1946年に出版した自伝＆論文『Secret Missions』（秘密の任務）
（画像借入先）
太平洋地図
Japanese Attack Philippines, Malaya, Thailand, Guam and Wake Island
m
